INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION IN ACADEMIA: A MIXED-METHOD EXPLORATION OF MOTIVATIONAL DRIVERS
Mirabela MATEI1, Maria-Madela ABRUDAN1, Tomina-Gabriela SĂVEANU1, Alecsandra Andreea SCÎNTEE2
1Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
2Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Doctoral School of Management, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract: Research on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation has long shown that, while still popular, extrinsic rewards are mostly ineffective, especially in cognitive and creative tasks. To further research intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, we focused on universities, where tasks are largely cognitive and creative. This article presents a mixed-method literature review on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in academia. By synthesizing findings from empirical studies employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches, this research highlights how motivational factors influence performance, job satisfaction, and teaching practices in universities. The analysis draws on recent literature (2017–2024), selected for methodological rigor and relevance to higher education personnel. The review identifies core themes such as: the mediating role of quality culture, the importance of psychological need satisfaction, and the connection between intrinsic motivation and engaged pedagogies. Implications for institutional leadership, academic policy, and directions for future research are also discussed.
Keywords: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, higher education, quality culture, mixed-method.
JEL Classification: M12, I23.
